The Nazi Seed

Hermann Goering's great-niece: 'I had myself sterilised so I would not pass on the blood of a monster'

By Allan Hall

Descendants of the leaders of the Nazi regime have spoken on camera for the first time about the feelings of pain and revulsion they have for their ancestors. They include Bettina Goering, great niece of Adolf Hitler's second in command Hermann Goering, who says she has had herself sterilised so she would 'not pass on the blood of a monster'.

Adolf Eichmann's son Ricardo says he simply cannot find a way to explain why his father became the chief architect of the Holocaust.

While Hitler himself had no offspring, many others at the heart of the Reich had families and some of the children can remember being patted on the head by the Fuhrer.

One is Hitler's godson Niklas Frank, whose father Hans was Nazi governor of occupied Poland responsible for the death camps in which six million Jewish people were killed.

He says in the documentary Hitler's Children, by Israeli director Chanoch Zeevi, that he 'despises' his father's past and describes him as 'a slime-hole of a Hitler fanatic'.

The film also shows Monika Hertwig, daughter of Amon Goeth - the death camp commandant played in the movie Schindler's List by Ralph Fiennes --meeting a man who tells her how her father shot women and babies 'for sport'.

Zeevi said he found 'fascinating similarities' between the emotions of those related to Holocaust perpetrators and those of survivors, some of whom meet the children of their tormentors in the programme.

Frank lectures about his infamous father to young people in the former East Germany in a bid to prevent them from straying into the far-right scene that preys on the young unemployed and desperate.

'I have never managed in my life to get rid of the memory of him,' he said. 'I live with this deep shame about what he did.'

Bettina Goering lives in Santa Fe, New Mexico, where she practices herbal medicine.

'Either side of me live Jewish neighbours,' she says, 'and they are always quarrelling. It's left to me to sort them out!'

Bettina told the programme both she and her brother were voluntarily sterilised. 'I had my tubes tied at the age of 30 because I feared I would create another monster. I look like him for a start - the eyes, the cheekbone, the profile. I look more like him than his own daughter,' she said.

The 53-year-old Goering said her father Heinz was adopted by his infamous uncle after his own father died and became a fighter pilot for the Luftwaffe.

Heinz was shot down over the Soviet Union and returned from captivity in 1952 to find that his two brothers had killed themselves because of their shame and the family's fortunes were gone.

Hermann Goering was sentenced to death along with 11 others at the Nuremberg trials in 1946, but he committed suicide by swallowing a poison pill in his cell the night before his scheduled execution.

Goering said her father, who died in 1981, never spoke about the Holocaust, or about his notorious uncle. 'But my grandmother was less evasive - she adored him,' she said.

'As head of the Red Cross in Nazi Germany she hobnobbed with the regime's other top leaders and had many pictures of herself alongside Hitler.

'We would be watching a documentary on TV together about the Holocaust and she would yell 'it's all lies, it didn't happen,'' she added.

'The hardest part is admitting that I could have liked him. I was so shocked by that,' she said. 'Now I am accepting myself more for who I am, whatever that encompasses - the good, the bad and the ugly.'

'The film is due to be completed later this year.

Mail-On Line, January 2010

Our thanks for Marc Jay Cohen for bringing this to our attenion.

Collecting Basics - Replica Field Marshal Baton

I received an e-mail today from a Paki fake peddler offering me a replica field marshal stick (baton) at a very low price. I get this type e-mail every day, seems they all think that because I run this web site I "must" be in the business of ripping off collectors with fakes. What a bunch of scumbags they all are!

There is nothing new about fake field marshal's batons, they've been around for years. The thing is all the fakes I know of up till now have been rather expensive, selling for several thousand dollars. However, this one is cheap... only $100. The good thing is, the maker only wants to sell them 10 at a time. I like that because it should slow his sales considerably.

Now I know that none of you experienced collectors would be fooled by this thing, but it could spell trouble for the newbie. The reason I'm posting this is because I can see the following happening. Some unscrupulous dealer buys 10 of these zonkers, goes to the trouble of "ageing" them, then puts one on his table at some small gun show at, what looks like a bargain price, and waits for the sucker to come buy. What's especially dangerous about this item is it's low price, which means more of them will probably pop up at a price new collecors will go for.

I haven't seen one of these in person, so I don't know how well they're made, but from the pics they look good enough to fool some people. So, if you see a field marshal's baton offered at a "bargain" price, watch out!

If you know about a "dangerous" fake and would like to share the info with our readers, please email me and we'll see if we can put the info on this Blog. You can remain anonymous if you wish. info@germanmilitariacollectibles.com

Bob Treend, Collector Basics, Militaria Blog, 2010

Ashes Found in Trash Led to Proper Burial

January 05, 2010
St. Petersburg Times

The two teenagers got to the cemetery first. He wore his dark green dress uniform from the National Guard. She wore a long black dress. They stood on the edge of the road, across from rows of matching military headstones, waiting for the funeral of the man they had never met.

Mike Colt, 19, and his girlfriend, Carol Sturgell, 18, had driven more than an hour from their Tampa homes last month to be at Florida National Cemetery in Bushnell.

They weren't really sure why they had come. They just knew they had to be here.

"It's kind of sad, huh?" asked Sturgell, scanning the sea of white gravestones.

Colt nodded. "Yeah, but it feels kind of important."

At 12:20 p.m., a Tampa police car pulled up, then a white Lincoln Town Car. Another police cruiser followed. Two officers stepped out.

"Thank you for being here," Colt said, shaking both of their hands.

"No, thank you," said Officer Dan College . "If it weren't for you guys, none of us would be here."

More than a month ago , on the last Saturday of November, the young couple was hanging out at Sturgell's house when her brother rode up on his bike, all excited. He had found two fishing poles in this huge pile of trash. Come check it out, he said. So they did.

At the edge of the trash mound, sticking out from beneath a box, Sturgell spied a worn green folder.

She pulled it out, brushed off the dust. Across the top, bold letters said, "Department of Defense." Inside, she found retirement papers from the U.S. Army; a citation for a Purple Heart issued in 1945; and a certificate for a Bronze Star medal "for heroism in ground combat in the vicinity of Normandy, France ... June 1944." In the center of the certificate there was a name: Delbert E. Hahn.

Why would anyone throw that away? Sturgell asked.

And who is that guy? Colt wanted to know. Must be old, a World War II vet. Looks like he served at D-Day!

That night, they took the paperwork back to Sturgell's house and searched Delbert E. Hahn on the computer. Nothing. They talked about who he might have been, the life he might have led.

The next morning, they went back to the trash heap and searched for more clues. They rummaged through boxes, overturned furniture, picked through piles of the past. Colt moved a ratty couch - and something fell out. A metal vase, or box, some kind of rectangular container about a foot tall. On the base was the name: Delbert E. Hahn.

"It's him," Colt told his girlfriend. "This must be him, in his urn."

Sturgell screamed. She didn't want to touch it. It was kind of freaky, she said, discovering the remains of some dead guy.

"He shouldn't be here," Colt said. "No one should be thrown away like that, just left in a parking lot."

The dead man wasn't alone. Under the couch, the couple found two more sets of remains: a cylinder-style container with Barbara Hahn printed on the bottom and another urn, which had no name.

Tampa police Cpl. Edward Croissant had just reported for the night shift that Sunday when his officers showed him the urns. This kid and his girlfriend had found them and brought them to the station.

Then an officer told Croissant about the Purple Heart. The Bronze Star. And the Normandy invasion.

And Croissant became irate. He had served eight years in the Navy. He's in the Coast Guard Reserve. "I had three uncles in World War II. That was the greatest generation. If it wasn't for those men, we would have nothing," he said.

"That man saw combat. And someone just dumped him there? He deserves a better ending."

Police called the Department of Veterans Affairs and learned Hahn had died in 1983, at the age of 62, -and was a highly decorated war hero. The staff sergeant had served in the infantry and been honored with five Bronze Stars and two Purple Hearts.

Barbara Hahn, they learned, was the soldier's wife.

So how did their remains end up in that mound of garbage? Where was the rest of their family, or friends, anyone who would want their ashes? And who was in that third urn?

Neighbors filled in some of the story: Barbara Hahn had been a widow forever, they told police. For years, her mother had lived with her. Her mother's name was Barbara, too.

The elder Barbara had lived to be more than 100. They thought she died around 2000. That third urn, neighbors told police, must be her.

The younger Barbara, the soldier's wife, got sick in 2003. A couple came to care for her, and she wound up willing them her mobile home. When she died, the couple moved in, took out a mortgage, then didn't make payments.

The bank foreclosed on the trailer late last year.

In November, officials sent a maintenance company to clear it out. The workers must have just dumped everything behind the vacant building on Busch Boulevard , neighbors told police. Including the remains of three people.

Just before 1 p.m. Dec. 16 , the two teenagers led the car line through Florida National Cemetery . Police followed, then the funeral director who had the urns. Outside a wooden gazebo, two rows of National Guardsmen stood at attention.

The funeral director handed the first soldier a flag, the next one the cylinder with Barbara Hahn's remains, the third one the brass urn with Delbert Hahn.

(Barbara's mother's remains are still in the evidence room of the police station. Since she wasn't a veteran or married to one, she wasn't entitled to be buried in the military cemetery.)

"Let us open the gates of the Lord," said a military chaplain, who led the procession of strangers into the gazebo. "Let us remember," said the chaplain, "none of us lives only unto himself."

The teenagers sat on the front bench. Three officials from Veterans Affairs sat behind them. They had spent weeks searching for the Hahns' relatives, any distant kin or friend, someone who might want their ashes - or at least want to come to their burial.

They couldn't find anyone. Even the couple whom Barbara Hahn had willed her home to didn't show.

By the time the chaplain lifted his head from the Lord's Prayer, a long line of men had wrapped around the gazebo.

Wearing blue denim shirts and work boots, they clasped their caps in their hands and bowed their heads. Dozens of groundskeepers from the cemetery had left their Christmas party to come pay respects to the man who, in death, had been so disrespected.

A bugler played taps. The riflemen fired three shots. And 56 people watched the honor guard fold a flag over the urns of the man and woman they never knew.

Our thanks to Marc Jay Cohen for sending us the article.

Official Numbers of German Naval Personnel

Official Numbers of German Naval Personnel. A simplified system of official numbers (Stammrollennummern) was introduced in December, 1941, to take effect from 1st January, 1942. It only applies, however, to entries after that date, and the old system remains in force for previous entries.

Old System. Typical numbers which may be taken as examples are: N 1329/37 S and O 151/41 T.

1. All entries into the Kriegsmarine are divided between depôts (Stamm-marineteile) of the Admiral Commanding the Baltic and the Admiral Commanding the North Sea, and bear a distinguishing letter either ( (Ostsee) or N (Nordsee), accordingly.

2. 1329 and 151 are the serial numbers of the individuals (Jahrgangsnummer).

3. 37 and 41 are the years of entry (Einstellungsjahrgang), viz.: 1937 and 1941.

4. The letters after the numbers refer to the branch of the service to which the man belongs (Ausbildungszeichen). The following are known:
S stands for Seemännische (Seaman branch)
T stands for Technische (Technical)
KS stands for Küstenschule (Coastal school)
KT stands for (not known, possibly Kustentechnische - Coastal Technical).
ES stands for Ersatzseemännische (Reserve Seaman branch)
ET stands for Ersatztechnische (Reserve Technical branch)
E stands for Ersatz (Reserve)

U-Boat personnel are understood to have the letter U prefixed to the O or N.
New System:
1. O and N are retained as before.
2. The letters after the name disappear as a general rule. Conscripts (Dienstpflichtige), however, bear the letter D.
3. Naval recruits, continuous service volunteers (Flottenrekruten), (Ungedienende Freiwillige) and all members of the shore establishments (Küstendienst) are given uneven numbers by the Baltic Station and even numbers by the North Sea Station, e.g.: O 101/42, N 102/42, O 103/42 D.

4. Recruits in Laufbahnen (see Appendix I) XIV, XV and XVIII, (Marienartillerie, Kraftfahrer and Flugmelde), receive their numbers similarly with the letter K added, e.g.: N 52/42 K.

5. The Marinestammregiment Beveloo (Belgium) (believed to be Marinestosstruppen) keep their previous system, numbers and suffixed letters, but the letters M St. R are substituted for O and N., e.g.: M St. R 30100 S.

6. On being moved from one depôt to the other the letter of the new station is prefixed to the letter of the old. On return to the original depôt the new letter is once more dropped. This applies to pre-1942 numbers as well, e.g.: ON 951/41 S.

7. Identification discs (Erkennungsmarken) are in future to bear the word "Kriegsmarine" for all members of the Navy, with the official number and the letter for the blood group of the man, e.g.:
B
Kriegsmarine
202/42 K
-------------
B
Kriegsmarine
202/42 K

The owner's name will apparently not be shown.

A comprehensive listing of Job/training specialities and positions and what they represent in English. This resource can make it simpler to research and title items accurately.

Abteilungsarzt Battalion Physician
Abteilungschef im Reichskriegs-Ministerium Departmental Head in the War Office
Abteilungskommandeur Battalion Commander
Abteilungsschreiber Battalion Headquarters Clerk
Abteilungsveterinär Battalion Veterinary Doctor
Adjutant Adjutant
Amtsgehilfe Administration Clerical Official in a Department
Amtsobergehilfe Senior Administration Clerical Official in a Department
Amtsrat Senior Administration Official
Arbeiter Labourer
Arzt Physician
Auswerter Plotter / Evaluator
Autoschlosser Motor Vehicle Mechanic
Bäckermeister Master Baker
Bataillonsarzt Battalion Physician
Bataillonskommandeur Battalion Commander
Bataillonsveterinär Battalion Veterinary Doctor
Batterieführer Battery Commander
Batterieoffizier Firing Battery Commander
Batterieschreiber Battery Headquarters Clerk
Beamter Armed Forces Civil Servant / Government Service Official / Civilian Employee in Military Service
Beobachter Observer
Beobachtungsoffizier Observation Officer
Beschlagschmied Farrier / Horse(shoe) Smith
Betreuungsoffizier Entertainment Officer
Betriebmeister Managerial Works Supervisor
Betriebsleiter Managerial Works Leader
Bibliothekar Librarian
Blechschuster Tin Smith
Bootsmann Boat Operator
Botenmeister Messenger
Chef des Stabes Chief of Staff
Direktor Director
Direktor bei der Heeresfeuerwerker und Panzertruppenschule Director of the Army Ordnance and Panzer Troop Schools
Direktor bei der Heeres-Plankammer Director of the Army Chamber of Planning
Direktor beim Heeresarchiv Wien Director of the Army Archives at Vienna
Direktor beim Heeresmuseum Berlin-Zeughaus Director of the Army Museum at Berlin-Zeughaus
Direktor des Heerestechnischen Buros Director of the Army Technical Bureau
Divisionionsarzt Division Physician
Divisonskommandeur Division Commander
Dolmetscher Interpreter
Dreher Lathe Operator
Drucker Printer
Elektriker Electrician
Elektromechaniker Electro Mechanic
Entfernungsmesser Rangefinder / Distance Measurer
Erkunder Scout
Erkundungsoffizier Observation Officer
Facharbeiter Specialist
Fachschulrektor Headmaster of a Technical School
Fachstudiendirektor Deputy Director of Technical Studies
Fachstudienrat Instructor in Technical Studies
Fahnenschmied Farrier NCO
Fahrer Driver
Fahrer vom Bock Wagoner (the driver of a horse-drawn vehicle sitting on the driver's seat [the box])
Fahrer vom Sattel Horse Team Leader (the driver of a horse-drawn vehicle sitting on one of the horses)
Feinmechaniker Optics Technician
Feldbischof Chaplain-General to the Forces
Feldfunksprecher Field Radio Operator
Feldgendarm Military Policeman
Feldkoch Cook
Feldkochunteroffizier Cook NCO
Feldwebel Sergeant
Fernsprecher Telephonist
Festungsoberwerkmeister Fortifications NCO in Charge of a Workshop
Festungswerkmeister Fortifications NCO in a Workshop
Feuerwerker Ordnance NCO / Pyrotechnician / Military Artificer
Flakwaffenwart Antiaircraft Weapon Armorer
Flugmeldeauswerter Air Observation Evaluator
Flugmelder Air Observer
Führer Leader
Führer der Gefechtsfahrzeuge Leader of the Company / Battery Vehicles
Funker Radio Operator
Funkmeister Senior Radio Operator
Funkwart Radio Repairman
Futtermeister Fodder NCO
Gaschützunteroffizier Chemical Warfare NCO
Gefechtsschreiber Headquarters Clerk
Generalintendant General Commisariat Commander
Generalstabintendant General Staff Commisariat Commander
Gerätverwalter Equipment Administrator
Gerätwart Equipment Repairman
Geschützbedienung Gun Crew
Geschützführer Gun Layer / Gun Captain / Gun Commander
Getreibeschlosser Drive Train Mechanic
Gewerbeoberlehrer Senior Teacher in Trade Subjects
Gruppenführer Section Leader Also a General Rank for the SS and other political/paramilitary formations
Gruppenintendant Army Group Commisariat Commander
Handelsoberlehrer Senior Teacher in Commercial Subjects
Handwerker Craftsman
Haptfeldwebel Senior Company NCO / Company First Sergeant
Hauptwachmeister Senior Battery NCO / Battery First Sergeant
Hauswart Caretaker
Heeresarchivdirektor Army Archive Director
Heeresarchivrat Army Archival Advisor
Heeresbaudirektor Director of Army Building or Construction
Heeresforstamtsmann Administration Official in the Army Forestry Commission
Heeresforstmeister Army Forestry Commissioner
Heereshauptwerkmeister Army Workshop Superintendent
Heeresintendant Army Commisary
Heeresjustizamtmann Army Judicial Service
Heeresjustizwachtmeister Army Court Martial Orderly NCO
Heereslandwirtschaftrat Councillor in the Army Agricultural Department
Heeresmachinenmeister Army Master Machinist / Mechanic
Heeresmaschinenbaudirektor Director of Army Construction Machinery
Heeresmusikinspizient Director of Army Music
Heeresoberförster Army Forester
Heeresoberforstmeister Senior Army Forestry Commissioner
Heeresoberpfarrer Senior Army Chaplain
Heeresoberwerkmeister Army Workshop Superintendent
Heerespfarrer Army Chaplain
Heeresrevierförster Army Forestry Official
Heeressattlermeister Army Master Saddler
Heeresschneidermeister Army Master Tailor
Heeresschuhmachermeister Army Master Shoemaker / Cobbler
Heeressportlehrer Army Sports Instructor
Heeresunterförster Army Forester
Heereswerkmeister NCO in Charge of an Army Workshop
Heizer Fireman
Hilfsbeobachter Assistant Observer
Hilfsprüfer Assistant Controller
Hiwi (Hilfswilliger) Foreign Volunteer for Military Service
Holzarbeiter Wood Worker
Inspektor (technische and nichttechnische) Official in Technical or Non-Technical Trade
Intendant Administrative Services Official [ranking as Colonel]
Intendanturamtmann Member of an Army Administrative Services Department [ranking as an enlisted man]
Intendanturassessor Administrative Services Official [ranking as Captain]
Intendanturasinspektor Administrative Services Official [ranking as Lieutenant Colonel]
Intendanturrat Administrative Services Official [ranking as Major]
Kanonier Gunner
Kanzleivorsteher Orderly Room - Head Clerk
Kartenzeichner Cartographer
Kartograph Cartographer
Kettenkraftradfahrer Kettenkrad Driver
Klempner Plumber
Koch Cook
Kommandant Commandant
Kommandeur Commander
Kompanieführer Company Commander
Kompanietrossführer Company Train Leader
Kompanietruppführer Company Headquarters Section Leader
Korpsintendant Army Corps Supply Services Official
Korpssattlermeister Army Corps Master Saddler
Kradmelder Motorcycle Messenger
Kraftfahrzeugelektriker Motor Vehicle Electrician
Kraftfahrzeugmotorenschlosser Motor Vehicle Motor Mechanic
Kraftfahrzeugschlosser Motor Vehicle Mechanic
Kraftwagenbeifahrer Motor Vehicle Co-Driver
Kraftwagenfahrer Motor Vehicle Driver
Krankenträger Stretcher Bearer
Kriegsgerichter Judge Advocate General Branch
Kriegsgerichtsrat Member of Court Martial Committee
Laborant Laboratory Technician
Ladeschütze Loader
Lagermeister NCO in a Depot
Lagerwart Depotman
Laufwerkschlosser Running Gear Mechanic
Lehrer Teacher
Leiter Chief Leader
Lichtpauser Photographer
Lithograph Lithographer
Magazinmeister NCO in Charge of a Depot
Maler Painter
Mann Enlisted Man
Mannschaft Enlisted Man / Other Rank
Maschinengewehrschütze Machine Gunner
Meldefahrer Motor Vehicle Messenger
Meldefahrer Messenger (Motor Vehicle)
Melder Messenger / Runner
Meldereiter Messenger (Horse-Mounted)
Ministerial Direktor Minister and Head of a Government Ministry
Ministerialamtsgehilfe Administration Clerical Official in a Ministry
Ministerialbürodirektor Administration Official in a Ministry
Ministerialdirigent Administrative Official in a Ministry (Usually of Generalleutnant Rank)
Ministerialkanzleivorsteher Administration Official - Head Clerk in a Ministry
Ministerialoberamtsgehilfe Senior Administration Clerical Official in a Ministry
Ministerialrat Advisor to the Minister
Ministerialrat (mit den Dienstgradabzeichen des Generales) Advisor to the Minister with the Rank of General
Ministerialregistrator Registrar in a Ministry
Mitarbeiter Assistant Clerk
Motorschlosser Motor Mechanic
Mühlenmeister Master Miller
Munitionskanonier Ammunition Handler (Artillery)
Munitionsschütze Ammunition Handler
Musiker Bandsman
Musikmeister Band Leader
Nachrichtenmechaniker Signals Technician
Nachrichtenoffizier Signal Officer
Nachrichtenunteroffizier Signal NCO
Oberbotenmeister Senior Messenger
Oberfachschullehrer Teacher in an Advanced Technical School
Oberfachschulrat Principal in a Technical School
Oberfachstudiendirektor Director of Technical Studies
Oberfeldapotheker Apothecary
Oberfeldzahlmeister Senor Paymaster
Oberfuttermeister Senior Fodder NCO
Oberheeresarchivrat Army Archival Advisor
Oberinspektor (technisch and nichttechnisch) Senior Official in Tecnhical Trade or Non-Technical Trade
Oberintendanturrat Commisariat
Oberkartograph Senior Cartographer
Oberkriegsgerichtsrat Member of Court Martial Committee
Oberlagermeister Senior NCO in a Depot
Oberlandwirtschaftsrat Agricultural Advisor
Obermaschinist Senior Fitter
Obermusikinspizient Director of Army Music
Oberregierungsbaurat Construction or Building Administration Official
Oberregierungschemiker Chemistry Administration Official
Oberregierungsrat Senior Administration Official
Oberreichskriegsanwalt Judge Advocate General
Oberreichskriegsanwalt Senior Attorney in the War Office
Obersekretär (technisch und nichttechnisch) Senior Secretary in Technical and Non-Technical Trade
Oberstabsapotheker Apothecary
Oberstabzahlmeister Senior Paymaster
Oberstabzahlmeister Senior Administration Official
Oberstapotheker Apothecary
Oberstkriegsgerichtsrat Member of Court Martial Committee
Oberstudiendirektor Army Education Official
Obertrigonometer Trigonometric Official
Oberwaffenmeister Armourer
Oberwerkmeister Senior Workshop Supervisor
Oberzahlmeister Paymaster
Offizier Officer
Ordnanzoffizier Aide (-de-Camp) (Officer)
Ordonnanz Aid (Enlisted)
Panzerbüchsenschütze Antitank Rifleman
Panzerelektromechaniker Armored Vehicle Electrician
Panzerelektroschweisser Armored Vehicle Arc Welder
Panzerführer Armored Vehicle Commander
Panzerfunkwart Armored Vehicle Radio Repairman
Panzergetriebenschlosser Armored Vehicle Drive Train Mechanic
Panzerjägerführer Antitank Vehicle Commander
Panzermotorenschlosser Armored Vehicle Motor Mechanic
Panzerschlosser Armored Vehicle Mechanic
Panzerschützen Infantryman in an Armored Vehicle
Panzerwart Armored Vehicle Mechanic
Peiler Direction Finder
Pferdeführer Horse Leader (driver on foot guiding the horse(s) of a horse-drawn vehicle)
Pferdehalter Horse Holder (Groom)
Pferdewärter Groom (Horse Holder)
Photograph Photographer
Pionier Pioneer / Engineer / Sapper
Planoffizier Triangulation Officer
Postfachkraft Postal Worker
Präparator Candidate
Präsident President
Präsident des Heeresarchives Wien President of the Army Archives at Vienna
Prüfer Accounts Controller
Quartiermeister Quartermaster
Rechner Calculator
Rechnungsführer Accountant
Regierungsbaurat Construction or Building Administration Official
Regierungschemiker Chemistry Administration Official
Regierungsdirektor (Museum Wien) Administration Director of the Vienna Museum
Regierungsrat Administration Official
Regimentsadjutant Regiment Adjutant
Regimentsarzt Regiment Physician
Regimentskommandeur Regiment Commander
Regimentskraftfahroffizier Regiment Motor Officer
Regimentssattlermeister Regimental Master Saddler
Regimentsschreiber Regiment Headquarters Clerk
Regmentsveterinär Regiment Veterinary Doctor
Reichskreigsgerichtswachtmeister State Judicial Service Orderly NCO
Reichskriegsgerichtsrat Army Court Martial Councillor
Richter Judge
Richtkreisunteroffizier Gun Layer NCO / Gun Director NCO
Richtschütze Gunner
Sachbearbeiter Clerk
Sanitätsoffizier Medical Officer
Sanitätsunteroffizier Medical NCO
Sattelpferd Near Horse
Sattler Saddler / Harness Maker
Scherenfernrohrunteroffizier Scissors Telescope NCO
Schirrmeister Foreman / Harness Keeper / Depotkeeper NCO / Maintenance Technical Sergeant
Schleifer Polisher
Schlosser Mechanic
Schmied Smith
Schneider Tailor
Schreiber Recorder
Schumacher / Schuster Shoemaker / Cobbler
Schwadronführer Company Commander (Cavalry Arm)
Schwadrontruppführer Company Headquarters Section Leader (Cavalry Arm)
Schweisser Welder
Sekretär (technisches und nichttechnisches) Secretary in Technical and Non-Technical Trade
Senatspräsident beim Reichskriegsgericht President of a Court Martial
Spähtruppführer Scout Section Leader
Stabsapotheker Chemist
Stabzahlmeister Paymaster
Staffelführer Detachment Leader
Stellmacher Cartwright / Wheelwright
Stellungsunteroffizier Gun Position NCO
Steuermann Helmsman (driver of a boat)
Studiendirektor Army Senior Education Official
Studienrat Army Education Official
Tankwart Fuel Handler
Technischer Oberamtsmann Technical Administration Official
Tischler Joiner / Cabinet Maker
Trigonometer Trigonometric Official
Trossführer Train Leader
Truppenarzt Troop Doctor
Truppführer Team Leader
Unteroffizier NCO
Urkundsbeamter Document Clerk
Verbindungsoffizier Liaison Officer
Vermessungsamtmann Survey Official
Vermessungsdienst Measuring Service
Verpflegungsmann Rations Handler
Verpflegungsunteroffizier Rations NCO
Verwaltungsamtmann Administration Official
Veterinäroffizier Veterinary Officer
Vorgeschobener Beobachter Forward Observer
Vorhandwerker Leading Craftsman
Vorreiter Outrider (Escort on horseback of a horse-drawn vehicle)
Vorstand der Heeres-Plankammer Head of the Army Chamber of Planning
Vorwarner Advance Warning Man
Wächter Watchman / Guard
Waffenmeister Armorer
Waffenmeistergehilfe Assistant Armorer
Waffenmeisterunteroffizier Master Armorer NCO
Waffenoberrevisor Senior Armament Official
Waffenrevisor Armament Official
Waffenunteroffizier Armorer NCO
Wagenbegleiter Escort on foot for a horse-drawn vehicle
Wagenführer Leader of the horse-drawn vehicles in the Train
Wallmeister Fortification Official
Wehrmachtkriegspfarrer Chaplain
Wehrmachtoberpfarrer Senior Chaplain to the Forces
Wehrmachtpfarrer Chaplain to the Forces
Werferführer Launcher or Mortar Gunner
Werkführer Foreman
Werkmeister Foreman / Chief Technician (master at arms in charge of weapon repair)
Werkstättenvorsteher Official in Charge of Workshop
Wermachtdekan Senior Chaplain to the Forces, Army Dean
Zahlmeister Paymaster / Finance Officer
Zeichner Draftsman
Zimmermann Carpenter
Zugführer Platoon Leader
Zugtruppführer Platoon Headquarters Section Leader

Charles Warriner, "Official Numbers of German Naval Personnel", 2010

Deutschland Erwacht Penknife

Two versions of the Deutschland Erwacht ("Germany awake") penknife, a reproduction which has been reputedly struck from the original dies of the Henckels firm, Solingen. The original emotive behind these knives was that they were sold during the years preceding and including 1933 as fund raising ventures providing income both for the manufacturer and the NSDAP who permitted usage of their emblems.

The private manufacture and sale of items bearing the swastika was forbidden by law,
following the establishment of the NSDAP government - the emblem being the official National Crest. The usage of it on badges, insignia, edged weapons, etc., etc., was only upon condition of government approval.

It is possible that the sale of such penknives as these illustrated was curtailed after 1933, and that they were not manufactured again until the dies were re-set during the mid-1960s. Photos: David Delich

Frederick J. Stephens, "Deutschland Erwacht Knife", Reproduction? Recognition!, 1976